淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,淀粉与丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯混合单体通过接枝共聚,制备了吸水及耐盐性能均较好的淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂(CGAV)。最佳工艺条件为:淀粉10.0 g,m(混合单体)∶m(淀粉)=4∶1,w(引发剂)=0.3%,w(交联剂)=0.05%,于45℃反应2h~3 h。在最佳工艺条件下制得的CGAV吸去离子水率760 g.g-1,吸0.9%NaC l水溶液率68 g.g-1。     

弱碱性阴离子交换树脂分离1,6—二磷酸果糖的研究

采用弱碱性阴离子交换树脂HJ-30对发酵液中1，6-二磷酸果糖的分离进行了研究。详细地研究了树脂的吸附和脱附性能。实验结果表明，HJ-30树脂对FDP的吸附量达0．28gFDP／g湿树脂，以0．05mol／LNaCl洗脱光机磷和1mol／LNaCl洗脱1，6-二磷酸果糖，产品的收率和纯度分别为92％和99．4％。     

铬酸氢根季铵树脂的制备及其对糠醇的氧化

制备了负载铬酸氢根的季铵树脂，研究了以该树脂为氧化剂将糠醇氧化为糠醛的反应，考察了温度，时间、溶剂，树脂与醇的摩尔比对该氧化反应的影响。在优化反应条件下，即以苯为溶剂，n(树脂）：n(醇）＝3．5：1，反应回流10h，糠醛产率达75％，实验中铬酸氢根季铵树脂选择性地将糠醇氧化为糠醛，表明它是一种有效的、可套用的氧化剂。     

阴离子交换树脂分离富集水中痕量镉

先用草酸处理水样中的镉离子,生成的[Cd(C2O4)2]2-络阴离子通过强碱性阴离子交换树脂分离富集,最后用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了水样中的痕量镉。该法简便,选择性好,富集倍数高,应用于实际水样的检测,回收率为98%~102%,结果令人满意。     

Determination of vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten in complex matrix samples by chelation ion chromatography and on-line detection with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

In this work, two kinds of chelating resin, bis(2-aminoethylthio)methylated resin (BAETM) and γ-aminobutyrohydroxamate resin (γ-ABHX) were synthesized. Of these, the former has a hydrophobic skeleton, and the latter a hydrophilic skeleton. The functionalities of each were 0.91 and 2.21 mmol g⁻¹, respectively. The chelating behavior of these resins towards vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten as a function of pH was studied. To perform trace metals analysis in complex matrices, a hyphenated method-chelation ion chromatography (CIC) coupled on-line detection with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed. With a BAETM resin column (5×0.4 cm i.d.) as the separator, a sample volume of 20 μl, nitric acid (pH 1.5) as the eluent and a flow rate of 1 ml min⁻¹, the detection limits for the determination of vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten were lower than 0.05 ng ml⁻¹and the linear ranges were up to 100 ng ml⁻¹ for each element. By increasing the injected sample volume to 250 μl, the resin concentrator improved the detection limit to 0.01 ng ml⁻¹. For the determination of these elements (5 ng ml⁻¹ for each) spiked in artificial sea water samples, γ-ABHX resin column (3×0.6 cm i.d.) demonstrated well resolved peak separation between the analytes and the matrix elements—calcium and magnesium, by using sodium nitrate (10 ml, 10⁻⁴ M) as the eliminator.     

酚醛型吸附树脂对咖啡因吸附性能的研究

利用 3种自制吸附树脂JDW 1、JDW 2、JDW 3和DuoliteS 761对咖啡因进行了静态和动态吸附研究 .结果发现 3种自制树脂对咖啡因的吸附性能明显优于DuoliteS 761 ;在吸附咖啡因的初始阶段 ,即达到 3 2 %～5 1 %平衡吸附百分率时 ,吸附速率数据和半经验速率方程很吻合 ,证实吸附咖啡因是粒扩散控制过程 ;酚醛型吸附树脂等温吸附咖啡因的平衡吸附数据符合Langmuir方程 ,相关系数在 0 99以上 ,因此 ,酚醛型吸附树脂吸附咖啡因属单分子层吸附 ;用 1mol LHCl和 40 %的甲醇溶液复合使用 ,效果很好     

Tertiary amine-mediated synthesis of microporous carbon membranes

Microporous carbon membranes were prepared on an -alumina support by a pyrolysis of cationic tertiary amine/anionic polymer composites. The precursor solutions contain a thermosetting resorcinol/formaldehyde (RF) polymer and a cationic tertiary amine. Three types of cationic tertiary amines with different chain lengths were used, such as tetramethlammonium bromide (TMAB), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). A porous structure was produced by a decomposition of the amine and the resulting pores assisted the further gasification of the RF polymer at high temperature. The carbon/alumina membranes have thin and continuous carbon top layers with a thickness of 1 μm. Gas permeation tests were performed using single gases of CO₂, O₂, N₂, CF₄, n-C₄H₁₀ and i-C₄H₁₀, as well as binary mixtures of CH₄/n-C₄H₁₀ and N₂/CF₄ at different temperatures between 23 and 150 °C. The carbon membrane prepared using TMAB showed separation factors higher than 650 for the CH₄/n-C₄H₁₀ mixtures and higher than 8100 for the N₂/CF₄ mixture. From the permeation of pure gases with different molecular sizes, the pore sizes of the carbon membrane prepared using TMAB, TPAB and CTAB are estimated to be 4.0, 5.0 and larger than 5.5 Å, respectively, indicating that the micropore size of the carbon membranes is controllable by using different amines.     

活性酚醛树脂中羟甲基含量的测定

本文提出一种酚醛树脂中羟甲基含量的化学分析法，分别以＾１３ＣＮＭＲ和化学分析法测定酚醛树脂的羟甲基含量。将两种测试结果与已知的投料量进行比较，证明所建立的化学分析法可行。     

强酸阳离子交换树脂催化性能的研究

通过叔丁醇脱水生成异丁烯的反应研究对比了国内外常见种类的凝胶型和大孔型强酸阳离子交换树脂的催化性能，并对树脂的性质，预处理方法，以及其用量和再生程度等因素对树脂催化活性的影响进行了研究。在此基础上，合成了具有较高催化活性的新型大孔强酸阳离子交换树脂。     

纤维素基磁性聚偕胺肟树脂的研究——循环吸溴中吸附与还原能力的变化

研究了酸式纤维素基磁性聚偕胺肟树脂（ＡＭＡＯ）在循环吸溴过程中吸附容量和还原能力的变化，发现原树脂的吸溴初速和溴的还原率比再生树脂高一倍以上，但第一次和第二次再生树脂的吸附速度和还原效率几乎相同，暗示着树脂吸溴后基本结构已发生了彻底的变化．树脂在循环使用时吸溴容量变化不大而溴的还原量却显著降低，表明ＡＭＡＯ作为吸溴剂有较高的实用价值．